Câu 1
Đáp án do AI giảiPASSAGE 3
Questions 21-30
In 1969, in her book On Death and Dying, psychologist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross introduced the idea that there are several distinct stages ofgrief. The book, which was based on her work with terminally ill and dying patients, posited that people who were going through the grieving process went through unique and separate stages. These stages are as follows: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance.
While there are five commonly accepted stages in the Kübler-Ross model, other interpretations of her model use seven stages of grief, which are shock and denial, pain and guilt, anger and bargaining, depression and loneliness, beginning to heal, reconstruction, and acceptance and hope. The main differences are that the five stages model considers anger and bargaining to be two separate stages, does not include guilt, and considers the final three stages of the seven stages model to be one stage.
The five stages of the Kübler-Ross model can be summarized and applied to a wide variety of grief situations. The firststage, denial, consists of a phase in which the victim can’t believe that something bad is actually happening. It takes time for the victim to process the bad event is actually happening, and this stage may be lengthened by the unfolding of the news of the situation.
The second stage, anger, consists of a phase in which the victim becomes upset and filled with rage and jealousy of those outside of the bad situation. While the victim may feel justified in having these feelings, this stage can isolate the victim from people who would care for him or her by pushing them away.
In bargaining, the third stage, the victim feels a temporary hope that something they can do, give, or sacrifice will stop the bad situation from occurring or make the bad situation that has already happened (such as the death of a loved one or a divorce) go away. While this is rarely true, the hope provides the victim with a brief respite from the negative feelings of the anger stage, and can cause a temporary positive outlook. While this makes the victim easier to be around, those around the victim who know that the bad situation will continue also know that the victim’s negative feelings will return as soon asitis discovered that no bargain can be struck that will end the bad situation.
The fourth stage of grief, depression, consists of the victim’s realization that the bad situation is not going to end, and that he or she will not be able to escape it. Some victims become so mired in the sadness and other negative feelings of this stage that they lose interest in maintaining their lives and relationships. Ironically, the sadness and other negative feelings of the depression stage show that the victim is finally realizing that the bad situation is real and beginning to process that reality.
The fifth stage, acceptance, is when the victim begins to find peace with the bad situation and his or her place in it. While acceptance contains sadness, it is not the paralyzing sadness of the depression stage that makes the victim lose interest in others or in maintaining daily activities. Acceptance is the stage referred to as “coming out the other side.”
What is the main idea of the passage?
Đáp án và lời giải
Đáp án: A